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NASA discovered six small planets

BY PERIODIC: NASA discovers
six small planets orbiting around a star similar to Solel discovery allows the development of new methods of deduction of the size and mass of the stars

NASA announced the discovery, thanks to data from the Kepler spacecraft, six small planets orbiting around a star similar to our Sun, and mass which ranged between 2.3 and 13.5 times that of Earth. Recreation
the planets discovered by the observatory NASA's Kepler. AP

planets orbiting in a system called Kepler-11 and has attracted the attention of scientists because it is composed of a large number of small planets and very together. Launched in March 2009, Kepler must collect data and evidence of planets orbiting around stars with average temperature conditions where there may be liquid water and therefore life.



Thanks to data from Kepler, astronomers from the University of California Santa Cruz (UCSC) have analyzed the orbital dynamics of the planetary system and the results appear in the February issue of the journal Nature. To determine size and mass of the planets, the team analyzed the measurements made by NASA's Kepler observatory, which has captured the changing brightness of the star around which planets revolve when passing before him. The photometer sensitive telescope captures this moment interrupted the brightness of the star, which gives scientists clues about the planet's size and mass by measuring its radius. New method

"This is not only an amazing planetary system, but also validates a new and powerful method to measure the masses of the planets," said Daniel Fabrycky from UCSC, who led the analysis of orbital dynamics along with NASA scientist Jack Lissauer. The five inner planets discovered have masses ranging between 2.3 and 13.5 times that of Earth and its orbital periods are less than 50 days, so that orbit within a region, as a model could fit into the orbit of Mercury in our solar system.
The sixth planet is bigger and further, so scientists could determine that it has an orbital period of 118 days, although it could not calculate the mass. "Of the six planets, the more mass can be equivalent to Neptune and Uranus," says Jonathan Fortney, assistant professor of astronomy and astrophysics at the UCSC, who led the work on structure and composition of planets, with students Eric Lopez and Neil Miller. Different

But in the case of smaller mass planets, there is no close comparison as "different from any we have in our solar system," he said. Previously, the detections of planets were still in transit from Earth with powerful telescopes. However, in the case of the Kepler-11 system, the planets are too small and the star is studied, which is at a distance of 2,000 light years, is too weak to be analyzed from Earth. More than 100 planets have been observed in transit by Kepler and other telescopes, but most are gas giants like Jupiter, and almost all systems are on one planet.
density of the planets, derived from the calculation of the mass and radius, gives clues to its composition and how they might have formed. The six planets have a density lower than that of the Earth but, according to Fortney, "it seems that within two might be mostly water, possibly with a thin skin of hydrogen gas and helium at the top, like mini-Neptune.


amazing atmosphere "Those are far less than the density of water, which seems to have a significant atmosphere hydrogen-helium" a fact that the team considered "surprising" because a small hot planet would have difficulty clinging to a light atmosphere. One reason why this system of six planets is so innovative is that it allows scientists to make comparisons between them. "This is really powerful, because we can find out what happened with this whole system," said Fortney.
Since scientists found the first extrasolar planet in 1992 has been confirmed the existence of about 500. This figure may rise to 1,000 if you include the possible planets located a suitable distance from its star to be habitable.

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Popeye was right

SCIENTIFIC STUDY

Popeye was right: spinach músculsLa reinforce the key is abundant nitrate in the plant become more efficient mitochondria
A scientific study showed that Popeye was right to boast that they force their it came from spinach. As is known, the famous sailor, a comic strip character and after the American cartoon films, swallowing the contents of a can of spinach every time I had to use their muscles to get out of a problem. Image
Classic Popeye the sailor.

Now, researchers have discovered that eating a plate of spinach every day actually increases muscular efficiency. The consumption of 300 grams of spinach reduces by 5% the amount of oxygen necessary for the functioning of the muscles during exercise, according to a study published in the journal Cell Metabolism.
Contrary to "popular knowledge", the secret is not in the iron nitrate but very abundant in this vegetable, which become more efficient mitochondria, which are giving energy to the cells.
"It's as if you put fuel in the muscles. It makes work much more smoothly and efficiently," says one of the authors of the study, Dr. Eddie Weitzberg, Institute Karolinska, Stockholm.
To demonstrate this, the scientists gave a group of volunteers during three days of nitrate supplementation pure, equivalent to a plate of spinach. At the beginning and end of the experiment was pedaling a stationary bike while measuring their oxygen consumption, which was between 3 and 5% lower after three days of intake of spinach.
"It is a profound and significant effect. It shows that Popeye was right," said the expert

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Discovered a new indigenous tribe

AS "THE PERIODIC DIGITAL":
CRISIS AND WE suffering, THIS HAPPY PEOPLE!

Discovered a new tribe of indigenous AmazonesEl village is threatened by the activities of logging of trees that penetrate to the forest from Peru
The Brazilian government has spread through the British NGO Survival, unpublished photographs of an indigenous Amazon tribe isolated from the outside world, whose habitat is threatened by the activities of logging of trees that penetrate from Peru.
Members of isolated Amazon Indian tribe in Peru. Gleison Miranda / FUNAI
is a tribe that has its village near the border with Peru, so that the Brazilian authorities also fear that, as the woodcutters force to evict the indigenous Peruvian, these conflict with the Brazilian territory.
In an image made from the air, is five tribal members of different ages and in apparent good physical condition, with baskets full of papayas, cassava and other fruits of his orchard.
awareness campaign
photos, Survival points were made by the Department of Indigenous Affairs of Brazil, which has allowed the organization to defend indigenous to use them to promote a campaign awareness.
The NGO says that this tribe that appears in the photos, which also appear in the Jungles of the BBC program, is seriously threatened by the actions of illegal logging in Brazil since entering the Peruvian border.
"The illegal logging will destroy the tribe. It is vital that the Peruvian government stop before it's too late," said in a statement Survival's director Stephen Corry.
Protection territory
"The people in these pictures are obviously very well, and what they need from us is that we help to protect its territory, so that they can make their own decisions about future, "he adds.
The coordinator of the organization of Amazonian Indians in Brazil COIAB, Mark Apuriña, stressed that" it is necessary to reaffirm that these people exist so that sanction the use of these photographs for this purpose.
Fundamental Rights
"These people are denied their most basic fundamental rights, even of life ... It is therefore crucial that we protect, "he adds.
Peruvian indigenous organization AIDESEP condemned for its inaction on the part Peruvian authorities.
"Despite complaints from Peru and abroad against illegal logging, nothing has been done," said a spokesman in statements collected by Survival.